Glossary

Dictionary of definitions and characteristics

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Sensory

Sensory characteristics refer to the Edibility, Taste and Smell of the mushroom.
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The edibility of the mushrooms is divided into five categories. A mushroom belongs to one edibility category.
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Very edible
The mushroom is very edible.
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Edible
The mushroom is edible.
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Poorly edible
The mushroom is poorly edible.
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Poisonous
The mushroom is poisonous.
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Deadly poisonous
The mushroom is deadly poisonous.
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The taste of the mushrooms is described in five categories. A mushroom can cover several taste categories.
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Bitter
The mushroom tastes unpleasantly bitter.
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Mild
The mushroom tastes pleasantly mild, sweet, or neutral.
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Mushroom-like
The mushroom has a pleasant mushroom taste.
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Spicy
The mushroom tastes spicy.
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Mealy
The mushroom tastes mealy, gherkin-like, or rancid.
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The smell of the mushrooms is described in nine categories. A mushroom can cover several categories of smell.
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Anise-like
The mushroom smells of anise.
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Flowery
The mushroom smells of flowers.
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Earthy
The mushroom smells unpleasantly musty of earth.
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Putrid
The mushroom smells very unpleasantly putrid, rotting or carrion-like.
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Mushroom-like
The mushroom smells pleasantly spicy of mushroom.
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Fishy
The mushroom smells of fish.
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Marzipan-like
The mushroom has a pungent, pleasant smell of marzipan or nuts.
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Radish-like
The mushroom smells of radish or beets.
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Sweet
The mushroom smells pleasantly sweet, fresh, sour and fruit-like.
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Occurrence

Occurrence refers to the Rarity, Season and Growth of the mushroom.
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Mushrooms occur differently. Rarer mushrooms are often only of interest to experts. That's why we differentiate between relatively common and relatively rare mushrooms.
Common The mushroom is relatively common.
Rare The mushroom is relatively rare.
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Different mushrooms grow in different seasons.
Begin of season Beginning of the mushroom's growing season.
End of season End of the mushroom's growing season.
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The place of growth of the mushrooms is divided into three categories. A mushroom can grow in different places.
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Forest soils
The mushroom grows on forest soils, on earth, on the ground, in litter or on humus.
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Meadows
The mushroom grows on meadows, on lawns, in gardens or in parks.
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Woods
The mushroom grows on wood.
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Shape

Shape refers to the Size, Cap, Fruitbody, Stem, Stem Surface, and Spore Donor of the mushroom.
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The size of the mushroom is either the diameter of the cap if it has one or the whole mushroom.
Min. The minimum size of the mushroom.
Max. The maximum size of the mushroom.
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The cap (Pileus) of a mushroom is the part of the fruiting body that bears the so-called hymenophore. The hymenophores are lamellae, folds, tubes, teeth, or smooth surface.
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Sulcate
The mushroom's cap is sulcate, striped, grooved or cracked.
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Umbrella-like
The mushroom's cap is umbrella-shaped, i.e. slightly arched.
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Hemispherical
The mushroom's cap is hemispherical.
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Pointed
The mushroom has a pointed or humped fruit body.
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Funnel-like
The mushroom's cap is funnel-shaped, forked, deepened, bulged.
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The fruiting body (Karposoma) refers to the reproductive organs of multicellular mushrooms. These correspond to what is commonly referred to as a mushroom.
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Coral-like
The fruiting body of the mushroom is coral-like or also club-like or tongue-like.
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Jelly-like
The fruiting body is jelly-like or very soft.
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Spiky
The fruiting body has spikes, spines, stubble or other protruding elevations.
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Tufted
The fruiting body is tufted.
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Smeary
The fruiting body is greasy or greasy. This doesn't refer to moisture from rain.
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Bleaching
The fruiting body is bleaching.
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Hard-consistency
The consistency of the fear body is hard, woody, tough.
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The stem of the mushroom is the area between the cap and the root of the mushroom or the floor.
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Rooted
The stem is rooted or streaky.
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Brittle
The stem is fragile. Crumbles into flour-like small parts under stress.
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Fibrous
The stem is fibrous or longitudinally fibrous, similar to asparagus.
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Knobbly
The stem has a tuber.
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Ringed
The stem has a ring.
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Hollow
The stem is hollow or cottony hollow.
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The stem surface of a mushroom is the area of ​​the stem that is visible from the outside.
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Flaky
The surface of the stem has scales or flakes all over the stem.
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Colubrid-patterned
The surface of the stem is colubrid-patterned or stained.
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Web-like
The surface of the stem is web-like.
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The spore donor of a mushroom is the area where spores are formed for the propagation of the mushroom, i.e. often the lamellae and tubes.
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Adnate
The spore donor is adnate to the stem.
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Decurrent
The spore donor runs down the stem (e.g. chanterelle).
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Free
The spore donor is free-standing. This means that there is no connection or a discernible gap between the stem and the gills.
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Gills bifurcate
The gills or the fruiting body are bifurcated or cross-veined at the bottom.
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Gills narrow
The gills of the mushroom are narrow or close.
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Gills serrate
The edges of the gills are wavy or sawn.
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Milky liquid
The spore donor secretes a frequently white or red liquid.
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Coloring

Shroomers differentiates among the coloring of the Cap, Flesh, Gills, Stem, Cut Change, and Spore Dust
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The cap color refers to the color of the cap or the fruiting body if the mushroom does not have a cap.
Black The cap is colored black.
Blue The cap is colored blue.
Brown The cap is colored brown.
Gray The cap is colored gray.
Green The cap is colored green.
Orange The cap is colored orange.
Pink The cap is colored pink.
Red The cap is colored red.
White The cap is colored white.
Yellow The cap is colored yellow.
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The color of the flesh immediately after being cut. For the color changes after some time, see 'color cut change'
Black The flesh is colored black.
Blue The flesh is colored blue.
Brown The flesh is colored brown.
Gray The flesh is colored gray.
Green The flesh is colored green.
Orange The flesh is colored orange.
Pink The flesh is colored pink.
Red The flesh is colored red.
White The flesh is colored white.
Yellow The flesh is colored yellow.
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The color of the gills or tubes.
Black The gills are colored black.
Blue The gills are colored blue.
Brown The gills are colored brown.
Gray The gills are colored gray.
Green The gills are colored green.
Orange The gills are colored orange.
Pink The gills are colored pink.
Red The gills are colored red.
White The gills are colored white.
Yellow The gills are colored yellow.
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The color of the stem
Black The stem is colored black.
Blue The stem is colored blue.
Brown The stem is colored brown.
Gray The stem is colored gray.
Green The stem is colored green.
Orange The stem is colored orange.
Pink The stem is colored pink.
Red The stem is colored red.
White The stem is colored white.
Yellow The stem is colored yellow.
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The color cut change refers to the color change after the mushroom has been cut or cut.

This color change can (partially) occur within minutes to a few hours. It does not, however, refer to a change in color due to rotting, other aging-related changes or artificially generated chemical reactions.

Blue The cut of the flesh or the milk turns blue after a short time.
Brown The cut of the flesh or the milk turns brown after a short time.
Gray The cut of the flesh or the milk turns gray after a short time.
Green The cut of the flesh or the milk turns green after a short time.
None The cut of the flesh or the milk turns into no other color after being cut.
Red The cut of the flesh or the milk turns red after a short time.
Yellow The cut of the flesh or milk turns yellow after a short time.
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A mushroom's spores are its seeds. These can be used to create a so-called spore image, which helps tremendously to identify a given mushroom.
  • How to create a spore image
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    Step 1 Make a sheet of paper that is black on one side and white on the other side. The reasoning here is that the colors of the spore powder can be better identified on different backgrounds.
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    Step 2 After preparing the black and white sheet, cut off the stem just below the cap. Try to cut the stem close to the cap so that the cap can be laid out flat on the ground.
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    Step 3 Place the mushroom cap with the spore donor facing downwards in the middle of the prepared paper and leave it there for a few hours.
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    Step 4 Remove the cap from the paper and look at the color (s) of the spore dust on the paper. It should be noted here that the spore powder can have different colors.

The spore image can be colored purely or as a combination of the following colors:

Black The spore dust is colored black.
Brown The spore dust is colored brown.
Purple The spore dust is colored purple.
Red The spore dust is colored red.
White The spore dust is colored white.
Yellow The spore dust is colored yellow.
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Etymology is the study of the origin, history and meaning of words.
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Scientific name
The scientific name of the mushroom.
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Year of publication
The year of the scientific publication covering the mushroom.
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Authors
The authors of the scientific study covering the mushroom.
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Gender
The Latin language has three genders: masculine, feminine and neuter.
Feminine The Latin name is feminine.
Masculine The Latin name is masculine.
Neuter The Latin name is neuter.
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Type of name
Academics differentiate between different types of Latin names. Accordingly, we differentiate between Basionym, Combination, and Nomen novum.
Basionym Basionym refers to the original name on which a new name is based on.
Combination A newly published name that is introduced based on a pre-existing name.
Nomen novum A nomen novum is a scientific name that is created to replace another scientific name that can no longer be used due to technical or nomenclatural reasons.
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Rank
In scientific biological classification, taxonomic rank is a relative position of a group of organisms (i.e. a taxon) in a taxonomic hierarchy.
Kingdom Kingdom (Latin: Regnum) is the second-highest taxonomic rank that is just below domain. Learn more (Wikipedia)
Subkingdom Subkingdom is a taxonomic group that is a subdivision of a Kingdom.
Division Division , in mycology, refers to a taxonomic rank below a Kingdom and Subkingdom but above Subdivision. The term phylum is equivalent. Learn more (Wikipedia)
Subdivision Subdivision is a taxonomic group that is a subdivision of a Division.
Class Class (Latin: Classis) is a taxonomic rank below a Division and Subdivision but above Order. Learn more (Wikipedia)
Subclass Subclass is a taxonomic group that is a subdivision of a Class.
Order Order (Latin: Ordo) is a taxonomic rank below a Class and Subclass but above Family. Learn more (Wikipedia)
Suborder Suborder is a taxonomic group that is a subdivision of a Order.
Family Family (Latin: Familia) is a taxonomic rank below Order and Suborder but above Tribe. Learn more (Wikipedia)
Subfamily Subfamily is a taxonomic group that is a subdivision of a Family.
Tribe Tribe , in mycology, is a taxonomic rank below Family and Subfamily but above Genus. Learn more (Wikipedia)
Subtribe Subtribe is a taxonomic group that is a subdivision of a Tribe.
Genus Genus is a taxonomic rank below a Tribe and Subtribe but above Section. Learn more (Wikipedia)
Subgenus Subgenus is a taxonomic group that is a subdivision of a Genus.
Section Section (Latin: Sectio), in mycology, is a taxonomic rank below Genus and Subgenus but above Series. Learn more (Wikipedia)
Subsection Subsection is a taxonomic group that is a subdivision of a Section.
Series Series , in mycology, is a taxonomic rank below section and Subsection but above Species. Learn more (Wikipedia)
Subseries Subseries is a taxonomic group that is a subdivision of a Series.
Species Species is a taxonomic rank below a Series and Subseries but above Variety. Learn more (Wikipedia)
Subspecies Subspecies is a taxonomic group that is a subdivision of a Species.
Variety Variety (Latin: Varietas) is a taxonomic rank below a Species and Subspecies but above Form. Learn more (Wikipedia)
Subvariety Subvariety is a taxonomic group that is a subdivision of a Variety.
Form Form (Latin: Forma) is a taxonomic rank below Variety and Subvariety but above Forma specialis Learn more (Wikipedia)
Subform Subform is a taxonomic group that is a subdivision of a Form.
Forma specialis Forma specialies is an informal taxonomic rank that is often used for parasites. Learn more (Wikipedia)
Race Race is an informal taxonomic rank below Forma specialis. Learn more (Wikipedia)
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Scientific Classification refers to the scientific process of grouping living organisms by their similarity.

For this purpose, different ranks are used, which together represent a taxonomy. Historically, the classification was primarily done by observing the physical characteristics of an organism. Today, however, technologies such as genome sequencing are often applied.